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Sleep is a vital phenomenon of life,the disturbance of which could be associated with a wide range of diseases,such as depression,anxiety,memory loss and hypertension. After years of efforts,pharmacological research of sleep in China has been in line with the pace of international sleep study,especially in the mechanisms of sleep. Our research is beginning to involved in several hot spots of study,such as the relationship between sleep disorders and their comorbidities(PTSD, depression,hypertension,diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases). Attention has also been paid to the research and discovery of novel hypnotic drugs. Despite the gap in sleep research between China and other developed countries,sleep study in China will definitely step into a gold period as well as solve sleep problems for more patients as soon as possible with the joint efforts of researchers and with the increasing attention to healthy sleep.
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Small GTP binding protein Rho and its downstream Rho-kinase pathway play an important role in the various cellular functions, including contraction, migration, proliferation, adhe-sion and apoptosis, etc. This article reviews the role of Rho/Rho-kinase pathway in the pain generation and development and clinical application of Rho/Rho-kinase inhibitors. It discusses the feasibility of Rho/Rho-kinase as a target for analgesics. Ac-cumulating experimental and clinical evidences indicate that Rho/Rho-kinase pathway is involved in the neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, diabetic painful neuropathy, cerebral vaso-spasm, vasospastic angina and cancer pain, etc. Therefore, Rho/Rho-kinase is a potential drug target of the pain, and it provides new therapeutic treatments and strategies for pain in clinic.
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Objective:To determine the effect of Chuju total flavonoids (CJTF) on the secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) expression in Wnt pathway in rheumatoid arthritis (AR) model rats. Methods:hTe role of CJTF in the treatment of AR model rats was evaluated by rat arthritis score and paw edema score. The expression regulation of the SFRP4,β-catenin and C-myc in Wnt pathway in AR model rats was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot atfer CJTF gavage treatment. Results:Atfer CJTF treatment, the rat arthritis score and paw edema score in AR model rats were signiifcantly decreased when the AR model rats were treated with CJTF, the SFRP4 expression was signiifcantly up-regulated, while theβ-catenin and C-myc gene expression were signiifcantly down-regulated in AR model rat synovial tissues. Conclusion:CJTF has significant therapeutic effect and inhibitory effect on Wnt pathway activation by targeting SFRP4 in AR model rat synovium.
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Objective To study the protective effect of CMPS on alcohol/ CCL4 to liver injury.Methods Alcohol/CCL4 were given to rats to establish models of liver injury rats. The contents of AST, ALT, ALP, T-CHO, T-BIL, TP, ALB and A/G were determined by biochemical analyzer. The coments of SOD and MDA were by spectrophotometry. Results CMPS could reduce the levels of AST, ALT, ALP and MDA and raise the levels of ALB and SOD in mice model. Conclusion CMPS could protect liver injury. The mechanism may be related with its protection of cell membrane and antioxygen.
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Objective To study the effect of CMPS on acute fatty liver induced by DL-E. Methods Oral administration DL-E (250 mg/kg) was given to mice to establish the models of acute fatty liver mice. Liver index, the contents of TG and morphological changes of liver tissue were detected to study the effect of CMPS on liver fat accumulation.Results The Liver index and the contents of TG in the model group rose. Under light microscope, lobular central vein could be seen around the liver steatosis and cytoplasm of liver cells appeared vacuolated changes. As compared with the model group, indexes significantly improved in CMPS group. Conclusion DL-E could obviously damage the liver and lead to liver fat accumulation. CMPS has protective effect on liver injury.
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Objective To observe the protective effect of alcholic extractive of Cornu Cervi against the myocardial damage of acute myocardial infarction model rats. Methods The myocardial ischemia rats model was made by ligaturing their coronary attery, and the indexes including electrocardiogram, the area of acute myocardial infarction and ET of acute myocardial infarction model rats were observed after the acute period of myocardial damage. Results The alcoholic extractive of Cornu Cervi could obviously improve the degree of myocardial ischemia, reduce the area of myocardial ischemia, and lessen the level of ET. Conclusion The alcoholic extractive of Cornu Cervi could protect the myocardial against the damage of acute myocardial infarction model rats in some degree. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of value of ET of myocardial damage.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Fuxin tablet on thrombus formation in the arteries in rats and aggregation of platelet in rabbits. Methods To observe the effect of OT in the arteries through electric stimulation of common carotid artery. To observe the aggregation of platelet by using the PRP of the rabbit and ADP as the accelerant. PAG-1, PAG-3, PAG-5 and PAG-M were examined in the normal saline group and high-dose, middle-dose, low-dose groups of Fuxin tablet. Results High-dose and middle-dose groups of Fuxin tablet could prolong OT and decrease the aggregation of platelet. Conclusion Fuxin tablet could significantly inhibit the formation of thrombus in the arteries and maximal aggregation rate of platelet.
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Objective To study the curative effect of ZeGuiLongShuang capsules combined with naftopidil on benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods 140 cases with BPH were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The patients in treatment group were given ZeGuiLongShuang capsules(once 2 tablets,3 times a day) combined with naftopidil(once 25 mg,once a day before sleeping).The patients in control group were given only naftopidil(once 25 mg,once a day before sleeping).Internatianal-prognosic-scoring-system(IPSS),uroflowmetry-max(Qmax),Quality-of-life(QOL),residual urine and weight of prostate before and after treatment were detected.Results IPSS,Qmax,QOL and residual urine changed in two groups.IPSS,Qmax,QOL and residual urine in treatment group were more significant than those in control group(P
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BACKGROUND: The development of safe and powerful antidepressant agents from traditional Chinese herbs has become a hotspot in studies on anti-depression therapy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-depressive effect and possible mechanism of curcumin by behavioral and neurochemical procedures. DESIGN: Randomized grouping design and controlled experiment. SETTING: Depart, ment of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Peking University.MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Peking University, between November 2003 and October 2004. A total of 240 male ICR mice were recruited. METHODS: The whole experiment was divided into 4 tests. ① Antagonism of reserpine-induced hypothermia: Totally 60 mice were randomly chosen and divided into 6 groups: normal control group, groups of various doses of curcumin (1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 10.00 mg/kg), and positive control group (imipramine 10 mg/kg). Normal temperature of the mice was measured before experiment. The animals were given a single injection of reserpine (2.5 mg/kg). The mice were administered with drugs 18 hours later, namely, curcumin of different concentrations by gastric perfusion, groundnut oil (0.1 mL/10g by gastric perfusion) as well as imipramine (10 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection). Rectal temperature was measured 60, 90, 120,150 and 180 minutes after administration, respectively. ② Potentiation of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)-induced head twitches: animal grouping was the same as above, and the drug in positive control group was replaced by fluoxetine. The mice received gastric perfusion and the dose of curcumin given was the same as above. Groundnut oil and fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) and 5-HTP (70 mg/kg) were injected into the vein of the tail one hour later.The number of head twitches was counted within 5-10 minutes after 5-HTP treatment. ③ Antagonism of apomorphine-induced hypothermia: Mice grouping was the same as above; the drug in positive control group was replaced by imipramine. Curcumin was give as above at 4 doses, and groundnut oil and imipramine were also given. Large-dose apomorphine was injected subcutaneously (16 mg/kg). Rectal temperature was measured before injection, as well as 30 minutes and 60 minutes after injection. ④Determination of monoamine and metabolites: Mice grouping was the same as above. The drug in positive control group was replaced by imipramine.Curcumin was give as above at 4 doses, and groundnut oil and imipramine were also given. The content of monoamine and metabolites in the mice was measured with high performance liquid chromatography. ⑤ Dunnett's t test was used for comparison between groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① In reserpine-induced hypothermia test, the change of body temperature before and after administration. ② In 5-HTP-induced head twitches test, whether the times of head twitches were increased. ③ In apomorphine-induced hypothermia test, the change of body temperature after administration. ④ Effect of drugs on the content of monoamine.RESULTS: Totally 240 mice entered the result analysis. ① Experiment results of reserpine-induced hypothermia: Curcumin (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg)produced an antagonism against reserpine-induced hypothermia, and the results were significantly different from those in control group (P ＜ 0.05,P＜0.01). Curcumin of 10.00 mg/kg produced the similar effect compared as that of imipramine in positive control group. ② Results of 5-HTPinduced head twitches: Curcumin (5 and 10 mg/kg) could significantly increase the times of 5-HTP-induced head twitches (P ＜0.05, P＜0.01). ③Results of apomorphine-induced hypothermia test: 2.50, 5.00 mg/kg and 10.00 mg/kg of curcumin could significantly increase the content of 5-HTP, and 10 mg/kg of curcumin could significantly increase the content of norepinephrine and dopamine. There was significant difference from that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). By contrast, curcumin had no obvious effect on the content of metabolite 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. Imipramine of 10 mg/kg as the positive control drug could significantly increase the content of 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid and norepinephrine (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Curcumin has an antidepressant effect and the effect exerted may be related to monoaminergic neurotransmitter system.
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[Objective] To observe the protective effect of Yugan Tablet (YT) on D-galactosamme-induced acute hepatic injury in mice. [ Methods ] Mice were randomly allocated to normal control group, model group, Ganpi Kang Capsule group and YT groups (low-, moderate- and high-dosage YT). Serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and albumin (ALB) and clotting time (CT) were examined to evaluate the effects of YT and Ganpi Kang Capsule on mice with D-galactosamine-induced acute hepatic injury. [Results] Serum level of AST was increased ( P
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Tetrodotoxin(TTX) is a potent sodium channel blocker. It can affect the generation of action potentials of cell membranes by blocking sodium channel. Damaged tissues express a Tetrodotoxin resistant(TTX R) Na + current which provides a potential target for therapeutic intervention in a range of pain states. We summarize the influence of tetrodotoxin on sodium channel and the possible mechanism of the analgesic effect.